张子恒

FACILITATING PARTICIPANT ENGAGEMENT IN REMOTE CO-DESIGN THROUGH GAMIFICATION

Rapid-changing innovation environments require more interaction and interchange of knowledge among multi -stakeholders. The co -design approach is increasingly popular on these occasions thanks to its unique and diverse approaches to engaging people in design activities. However, impacted by the covid19 pandemic, the classic in-person co-design event cannot be organized. A challenge has emerged during the lockdown and in the post -pandemic era when working from home becomes the new normal. That is, how to faci litate co-design activities remotely? As the employment of game elements in non -game contexts, the gamification approach has been applied for many serious purposes in online environments. It seems a promising solution to facilitate remote co - design in terms of engagement. However, this is a topic that continues to pose challenges for designers and researchers. How to unders tand participant engagement? How to facilitate participant engagement in remote co -design through gamification ? How to measure participant engagement if a gamification solution is proposed? The research actions follow the 'research through design' process. Start by formulating several structured design principles and hypotheses built on the review and analysis of literature. Various types of prototypes are continuously designed and developed based on the result of the literature review. Finally, the core hypotheses can be verified through the implementation of experiments or studies in the real field or a context - simulated lab. In order to gain a comprehensive understanding of participant engagement, we applied a systematic review scan across the design 3 literature. The results suggest a dimensional and attribute -based interpretation, in which engaging participants can be understood as the promotion of intrinsic motivation, involvement, and empowerment. By scanning the literature in game studies and supported by the case studies, we introduced the framework of "game principles," in